Exhaust-nozzle for locomotives.



S. A. RIDE.

EXHAUST NOZZLE FOR LOCOMOTIVES.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 20, 1913.

Patented Oct. 20, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Alla/4y.

1970611707 1551mm! 1, lr'de,

Wincssm THE NORRIS PETERS CO. PHOTO-L|THO.. WASHINGTON. D C- s. A. RIDE. EXHAUST NOZZLE FOR LOCOMOTIVES.

APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 20, 1913.

Patented Oct. 20, 1914.

2 SEEETSSHEET 2.

[mm/Jr Jam/e! ALE/d6,

- Alf/flay.

THE NORRIS PETERS 60., PHfJTU-LITI-im, WASHINGTON. D C.

Cit

SAMUEL A. RIDE, OF CHESTER, VIRGINIA.

EXHAUST-NOZZLE FOR LOCOMO'ITVES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 20, 1914.

Application filed March 20, 1913. Serial No. 755,709.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, SAMUEL A. RIDE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chester, in the county of Chesterfield and State of Virginia, have invented new and useful' Improvements in Exhaust-Nozzles for Locomotives, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in draft-creating apparatus of locomotives and other steam engines, it being particularly adapted for use in connection with steam engines which operate expansively, and one object of the invention is to provide an improved exhaust nozzle which is placed beneath or in cooperative relation with the usual petticoat pipe and adjustable and operative with respect to the outlet of the nozzle so as to enable the degree of draft to be varied in accordance with the amount of steam used.

A further object of the invention is to provide an exhaust nozzle with devices for varying its outlet or opening and to operatively connect such devices to the reverse lover of the locomotive or engine whereby when the lever is shifted into a position to admit a full flow of steam to the cylinders, the nozzle will be adjusted or set from the reverse lever to create a strong draft through the stack, and conversely, when the reverse lever is shifted toward a central position to shorten the stroke of the valves and thereby cause the cylinders to work expansively, the nozzle devices will be automatically set to correspondingly diminish the draft, the draft and consequently the steaming capacity of the boiler being varied in accordance with the amount of steam required, and thus economically use fuel to the best advantage.

The invention consists in the construction and arrangement of the several parts which will be more fully described and claimed hereinafter.

in the drawings :-F igure 1 represents a side elevation of the front portion of a locomotive boiler broken away and showing the structure embodying the features of the invention mounted therein. Fig. l is a longitudinal vertical section of the tubular body or casing of the exhaust nozzle and the parts cooperating directly therewith, Fig. 2 is a top plan view of an attachment for controlling the size of the outlet of the nozzle. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section through a part of the nozzle and the attachment shown by Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section through the nozzle and its attachment. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective view of the nozzle attachment shown by Figs. 2, 3 and a.

The exhaust nozzle is shown applied to a locomotive boiler as one practical demonstration of the invention. It will be understood', however, that the invention is capable of use in connection with steam engines of various types employing forced draft for the boiler and particularly those engines which work the steam expansively.

The numeral 5 designates the smoke box of a locomotive boiler, 6 the stack, and 7 the petticoat pipe into which the exhaust steam from the cylinders is projected, there by serving to create a draft of the gases which will draw the same through the boiler fiues anddischarge them exteriorly through the stack 6. The parts just described may be of any well known construction, as the devices embodying the features of the invention are adapted to be introduced in the smoke box in operative relation to the petticoat pipe and stack without requiring any change in the interior construction of the smoke box.

The exhaust nozzle embodying the features of the present invention consists of a tubular body or casing 8 which is disposed in the bottom of the smoke box, but as illustrated it is preferably provided with a bottom flange 9 which is bolted to the top of the saddle 10. The tubular body or casing 8 communicates with the passages through which the steam is exhausted from the engine cylinders. The upper part of the tubular body or casing 8 is provided with a reduced extension 11 located at a suitable distance below the lower terminal of the petticoat pipe 7 and thereby the nozzle is primarily formed with a reduced discharge opening, as at 12, see Fig. 3, and surrounding the upper terminal of the extension 11 is a rim 13 on which an expansible and contractible attachment or sizing device 14 is operatively disposed and constructed as shown by Figs. 2, 3, 4- and 5. The expansible and contractible attachment or sizing device 14 embodies essentially a plurality of segments 15 with overlapped interfitting shouldered extremities 16 of such dimensions that when the segments are fully expanded the extremities or terminals 16 will not become disengaged, but will provide a sufliciently tight relative association as to prevent the steam passing therethrough. The rim 13 at regular intervals is formed with radial recesses 17 for the reception of guide pins or projections 18 on the bottoms or lower sides of the segments 15, the said pins or projections 18 and recesses 17 insuring a regular movement of the segments'15 relatively to each other when contracted and expanded. Rising from the segments are operating posts or pins 19 which project through tangential slots 20 formed in an annular cap 21 which is applied over the segments and has its lower edge movably fitted in a circumferential groove 22 formed in the rim 13 close to the segments. The cap as shown particularly by Figs. 3 and 5 has an enlarged central opening 23 conforming precisely in dimension to the opening 12 of the extension 11 and the said cap is also of shelllike form to inclose the segments or has an outer depending flange 24 which extends downwardly into the circumferential or circular groove 22. To the flange 24 an operating device or outstanding pin or short rod 25 is secured, and a short slotted arm 26 of a bell-crank lever 27 engages the said bin or red 25, the bell-crank lever 27 being fulcrumed on the extension 11 and having its longer arm 28 projecting outwardly for a purpose which will be presently explained. The cap 21 is held in operative association with the rim 13 over the segments 15 by angular clips 29 having outer depressed extremities 3O suitably apertured and fitted over pins 31 rising from the rim 13, as shown by Figs. 2, a and 5, the clips 29 being secured to the pins 31 by suitable linch or cotter pins or other devices 32. I will be seen that the clips 29 serve as keepers to retain the shiftable cap 21 in placeover the segments. One of the main advantages of the attachment just described is the facility parts may be separated and thoroughly cleaned, the cap 21 being readily removable by'detaching the clips 29 and thereby exposing the segments 15, which may be lifted off the rim and the latter as well as the segments fully exposed for removing from the same any sediment or other matter that may adhere thereto. Owing to the shiftability of the segments, however, it will be understood that the vibration thereof will tend greatly to relieve the same of any congregated matter, such as carbonized material, and the outlet opening through the nozzle will thus be kept practically clear of congregated or car bonized material for a much longer period than if the attachment was not used and the normal size of the exhaust opening of the nozzle will thus be maintained in practical operating dimension a longer period, with material advantages in the operation of the improved device.

with which its of the locomotive. of the reverse lever and the bar 46, operates Extending upwardly and freely movable 1n the tubular body or casing 3 1s a stem 33 which is mounted for vertical reciprocation within the said body or casing and is slidably supported by cross pieces as at 34. This stem 18 provided with means for reciprocating it vertically to vary the elevation and consequently the position of a spreader of inverted frusto conical form adjustably mounted on the upper end of the stem through the medium of a screw-threaded construction 36 and set nut 37, the adjustment of the spreader 35 being preliminarily eifectedor set as may be desired and in accordance with the required draft conditions of the locomotive or engine with which the improved device as a whole is used. Any suitable means may be adopted and used for adjusting the stem 33, an arm 38 being shown in the present instance which extends into a lateral enlargement 10 of the casing, the inner end of the arm operating in a suitable yoke 11 comprised in the organization of the stem 33 to elevate or lower the latter. The diameter of the inverted truncated conical spreader 35 is somewhat less than the diameter of the discharge opening of the nozzle so as to be adjustable downwardly into the outlet or discharge opening 12 of the nozzle.

The expansible and contractible attachment or outlet controlling device 14 hereinbefore described and the stem 33 carrying the spreader 35 are connected for conjoint or simultaneous relative operation through the medium of a rod 12 extending clownwardly and attached to lever 13 which is continuous with respect to the arm 38 engaging the said stem, and attached to said lever 43 isan arm d4; secured to an intermediate shaft 45 extending inwardly into the smoke box, the arm 4A- being located exteriorly of the locomotive boiler and at- ,tached at its lower end to a bar or rod 46 Iwhich extends back to the cab of the locomotive and is connected to the reverse lever A forward movement the connections between the said bar 4:6 and the stem 33 in such manner as to elevate the stem and spreader 35 and at the same time contract the attachment 14: on the upper end of the extension 11 of the nozzle.

An opposite movement of the reverse lever will correspondingly reverse the movement of the stem with its spreader and the attachment 14.

In practice the strength of the draft depends upon the degree to which the discharging steam is spread as it enters the petticoat pipe 7 If the steam is discharged into the petticoat pipe 7 in a small compact body a diminished draft is produced. When, however, the steam is spread into a large body as it enters the petticoat pipe,

a relatively strong draft is created owing to the fact that a relatively large amount of gas is drawn into the petticoat pipe and discharged through the stack, and the simultaneous adjustment of the stem 33 and its spreader 85 together With the attachment 14 at the outlet of the nozzle are propertioned and associated toaccomplish the results just explained relatively to the manner in which the steam is discharged into the petticoat pipe. In steam engines of the type which work the steam expansively, a greater amount of steam is drawn from the boiler when the valves have a full stroke than is the case when the stroke of the valves is shortened and the high pressure steam is admitted to the cylinders during only a relatively short portion of the stroke. In locomotives, traction engines and other forms of steam engines, the expansive Working of the steam is accomplished by the reverse lever which lifts the link motion so as to vary the length of the movement of the valve. In the present instance, therefore, the exhaust nozzle with its attachments is preferably operatively connected to the reverse lever mechanism of the locomotive or engine in such manner that when the reverse lever is in a position to supply a large amount of steam to the cylinders a relatively strong draft will be created in the smoke box in order that the steaming capacity of the boiler may be correspondingly increased, and when the reverse lever is set in a position to reduce the amount of steam used in the cylinders the strength of the draft will be correspondingly di minished so as to economize fuel. Any suitable mechanism may be provided other than that specifically described for effecting this result or to elevate and lower the spreader 35 and correspondingly modify the dimensions of the outlet of the nozzle through the medium of the attachment 14.

The improved attachment is comparatively simple and may be readily applied to locomotive and other boilers using steam expansively that are now in use by a very simple operation.

It will also be understood that changes in the proportions and dimensions of the several. parts may be adopted at will to accommodate various applications of the same.

hat is claimed is:

1. An exhaust nozzle for steam engines comprising a casing having a steam outlet, means for modifying the size of'said outlet, a spreader located in operative adjacency to said outlet, and mechanism for operating said modifying means and spreader.

2. An exhaust nozzle for steam engines comprising a casing having a steam outlet provided with means for modifying the size thereof, a spreader located in operative adjacency to and movable into said outlet, and mechanism for operating the spreader and the means for modifying the size of the outlet.

3. An exhaust nozzle for steam engines comprising a casing having a steam outlet, means for modifying the size of said outlet, a spreader located adjacent to and movable in said outlet and adjustable to vary the position thereof. relatively to the outlet, and mechanism for operating the said modifying means and spreader.

4:. An exhaust nozzle for steam engines having a steam outlet, an expansible and contractible attachment cooperating With the outlet to modify the size of the latter, a spreader movable axially with relation to the outlet, and mechanism for relatively and simultaneously operating the said attachment and spreader.

5. A nozzle for the purpose specified having an outlet provided with an attachment for modifying the size thereof and also an axially movable spreader, and mechanism for simultaneously operating the spreader and attachment for modifying the draft of the engine.

6. An exhaust nozzle for steam engines comprising a casing having a steam outlet with an expansible and contractible sizing attachment or device thereon consisting of a plurality of segments With overlapped interfitting shouldered extremities and upward projections, the segments being of equal width throughout and having their shouldered extremities continually maintained in overlapped condition irrespective of the maximum expansion thereof, and a rotatably shiftable cap fitted over the segments and having tangential slots to receive the projections of the segments.

7. An exhaust nozzle for steam engines comprising a casing having a steam outlet opening with an expansible and contractible sizing attachment or device thereon c0nsisting of a plurality of segments with shouldered extremities Which are continually overlapped, and a rotatably shift-ing cap mounted over the top portion of the segments and operatively connected to the latter, the cap having an opening therethrough precisely corresponding to the outlet opening of the casing.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

SAMUEL A. RIDE.

lVitnesses N. H. GRAvEs, P. EDDIE PERDUE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, I). 0. 

